According to Karen Bunning there are a totem of 8 key clinical skills:
1. Engagement
- making sure your client can maintain their attention and aknowledging their engagement.
2. Modification
- Adapting communication to allow the client to understand, ascribing meaning to the clients responses and checking the clients interpretation.
3. Facilitation
- Encouraging contribution, modelling and requesting a specific response e.g. presenting a picture to elicit a response and assisting contribution.
4. Feedback
- Checking contribution, differential (quality) feedback, evaluative feedback e.g. that was difficult, and summative feedback.
5. Personal Maintenance
- Noticing the clients emotional/behavioural state/ physical needs.
7. Context maintenance
- organising the equipment/ the environment.
8. Transaction
- giving information/ getting information from the client/carer / providing instructions and rationales/ note taking
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